Türkiye Electricity Market
PTF, Intraday Trading, YEKDEM and Imbalance: A Practical Cost Guide
An industrial facility's electricity cost is not the Market Clearing Price alone. Its hourly load profile, supply contract, intraday trades, imbalance exposure, YEKDEM and regulated charges affect the final result on different timelines. This guide explains the data boundaries needed to read those signals without mixing unlike values.
What PTF shows—and what it does not
PTF is the reference price formed for every delivery hour in the Day-Ahead Market when supply and demand bids clear under market rules. A day therefore contains many hourly prices. PTF is not the final unit price paid by a facility: supplier margin, contract formula, imbalance treatment, YEKDEM and regulated tariff items are separate. Comparing a simple monthly PTF average directly with a bill can therefore be misleading. A better starting point is to weight hourly PTF by the facility's measured consumption in those same hours.
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Analysis conducted in accordance with empirical field metrics and regulatory framework standards for What PTF shows—and what it does not.
Where intraday trading and imbalance enter the picture
Generation or demand expectations can change after the day-ahead position is fixed. The Intraday Market allows participants to adjust closer to delivery, while imbalance settlement addresses the difference between scheduled and actual positions. Intraday prices should not simply be appended to the PTF series: transaction volume, direction and timestamp must remain attached. If a facility is not a direct market participant, the supplier may price that risk into the contract. The analysis should first establish who carries the commercial responsibility and then verify the applicable pricing formula.
Technical Evaluation & Methodology Note
Analysis conducted in accordance with empirical field metrics and regulatory framework standards for Where intraday trading and imbalance enter the picture.
Worked method for a load-weighted cost
For a simplified energy component, multiply each hour's consumption in MWh by that hour's PTF in TRY/MWh, sum the hourly costs, and divide by total MWh. A facility using 1 MWh in a low-price hour and 3 MWh in a high-price hour will have a weighted price above the simple two-hour average. This is only a control calculation for the energy component. It must not be presented as a final bill before loss factors, margin, taxes, network charges and contractual items are added. If meters record 15-minute intervals, the hourly aggregation rule should also be documented.
Technical Evaluation & Methodology Note
Analysis conducted in accordance with empirical field metrics and regulatory framework standards for Worked method for a load-weighted cost.
Track YEKDEM and bill components separately
The YEKDEM unit cost is a separately published periodic indicator that may flow into bills depending on the supply structure. It should not be assumed to be embedded in PTF; match it to the relevant period and contract clause. Network charges, capacity or overrun items, reactive energy, taxes and levies are different data types again. A professional bill-control table keeps the source document, unit, period, formula and tolerance for each line item. That separation helps distinguish market movement, facility behaviour and a possible billing discrepancy.
Technical Evaluation & Methodology Note
Analysis conducted in accordance with empirical field metrics and regulatory framework standards for Track YEKDEM and bill components separately.
Data-quality controls
Price and consumption series must share the same time zone, delivery day and interval length. Do not run the cost calculation before flagging missing meter intervals, duplicate timestamps, daylight-saving transitions and kWh-to-MWh conversion. Separate measured zero from missing data, and never overwrite raw measurements with estimates. PTF or YEKDEM history may later be revised, so retain query time and source version in the report. The STR Energy Market Data Project keeps the source and query time visible; final commercial verification still belongs against official records.
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Analysis conducted in accordance with empirical field metrics and regulatory framework standards for Data-quality controls.
Pre-decision checklist
Write down the decision first: bill validation, budgeting, shift scheduling or contract comparison. Then verify the facility time zone and meter unit; join hourly load and price on an explicit timestamp; report missing-interval coverage; document the contract formula and risk allocation; add YEKDEM and regulated items separately; and test the result against an official bill and EPİAŞ record for a sample period. When a difference appears, investigate data alignment first, the formula second and a commercial dispute last. This order reduces false alarms.
Technical Evaluation & Methodology Note
Analysis conducted in accordance with empirical field metrics and regulatory framework standards for Pre-decision checklist.
Primary and technical sources
STR Energy Editorial Team
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Reviewed under our editorial and source-verification standards.
This guide is educational and is not investment, legal or binding engineering advice. Verify current rules and official records before acting.
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